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Soil Science

Citation Style Guides

What Constitutes Plagiarism?

What exactly does it mean to plagiarize? According to the WVU Campus Student Code, the term "plagiarism" means "use, by paraphrase or direct quotation, of the published or unpublished work of another person without full and clear acknowledgment, including, but not limited to, the unacknowledged use of materials prepared by another individual engaged in the selling of term papers or other academic materials" (pg. 19).

So, obviously it's not OK to copy word-for-word the work of another without proper citation. Take a look at Cornell's Guide to Academic Integrity (esp. pages 16-28) for some more examples that might be harder to spot. Here are a few:

  • The Mosaic: lifting multiple phrases or sentences out of the original text and rearranging them in new patterns
  • The Paraphrase: substituting approximately equivalent terms to represent ideas from another author
  • The "Apt" Term: lifting and reusing unique terms or expressions from other authors

Tools for Avoiding Plagiarism